Bridging Faith and Development: The Role of Maqashid Shariah in Strengthening Food Security among Muslim Nations

Abstract

Food security is a crucial aspect of sustainable development that aligns with the objectives of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, particularly in preserving life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) and wealth (ḥifẓ al-māl). This study aims to analyze the influence of economic growth (GDP per capita), income inequality (Gini Index), social protection expenditure, and food production index on food security in Muslim-majority countries, with the Maqashid Shariah Index (MSI) serving as a moderating variable. Secondary data were obtained from the World Bank and IRTI-OIC for the period 2013–2023 and analyzed using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) method on panel data. The findings indicate that GDP per capita, social protection expenditure, and food production index have a significant positive effect on food security, while the Gini Index shows a negative effect. Furthermore, MSI strengthens the impact of economic variables on food security, suggesting that the integration of sharia-based values enhances the effectiveness of development policies. These results affirm that a maqāṣid-based approach can provide a comprehensive framework for improving welfare through food security.