Membaca Wacana Deforestasi: Perdagangan kayu dalam Media Daring Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the construction of discourse in Indonesian online media regarding the issues of deforestation and meranti wood trade. The research data was obtained from three online news sources: Mongabay Indonesia (September 2, 2025), CNBC Indonesia (August 20, 2025), and Betahita (September 2, 2025). Using Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this study examines three dimensions: text, discourse practice, and social practice. The results show variations in discourse construction between media outlets. Mongabay Indonesia presents a critical discourse by highlighting the paradox between the need for timber exports and ecological damage within the country. CNBC Indonesia emphasizes economic discourse through the impact of global market demand on the national economy. Meanwhile, Betahita constructs regulatory discourse by highlighting the timber supply chain, the implementation of SVLK policies, and forest governance. These differences in construction show that online media functions not only as a conveyor of information but also as a discursive arena that shapes public understanding of environmental issues in Indonesia.

Keywords: critical discourse analysis; Fairclough; deforestation; timber trade; online media.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi wacana media daring Indonesia mengenai isu deforestasi dan perdagangan kayu meranti. Data penelitian diperoleh dari tiga berita daring: Mongabay Indonesia (2 September 2025), CNBC Indonesia (20 Agustus 2025), dan Betahita (2 September 2025). Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough, penelitian ini menelaah tiga dimensi: teks, praktik wacana, dan praktik sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi konstruksi wacana antar media. Mongabay Indonesia menghadirkan wacana kritis dengan menyoroti paradoks antara kebutuhan ekspor kayu dan kerusakan ekologis di dalam negeri. CNBC Indonesia menekankan wacana ekonomi melalui dampak permintaan pasar global terhadap perekonomian nasional. Sementara itu, Betahita membangun wacana regulatif dengan menyoroti rantai pasok kayu, penerapan kebijakan SVLK, serta tata kelola hutan. Perbedaan konstruksi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media daring berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai penyampai informasi, tetapi juga sebagai arena diskursif yang membentuk pemahaman publik mengenai isu lingkungan di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: analisis wacana kritis, Fairclough, deforestasi, perdagangan kayu, media daring.