Representing Exploitation : A Semiotic Study of Ecofeminist Perspective in The Machinist (2012) Documentary Film

Abstract

Environmental issues and gender equality remain pressing topics in media discussions. These two issues are reflected in the documentary film The Machinist (2012). Based on the Roland Barthes' semiotic theory and focused on ecofeminist perspective, this film contains many symbols that reflect the exploitation of women and the environment by decoding visuals supported by textual elements and the interactions between symbols with characters and plots. The author found that sewing machines, clothing, polluted environment and exhausted workers become symbols of injustice under the global capitalist system.  Bangladeshi women in the documentary endure daily struggles as they strive to support themselves and their families by working in garment factories that feed the global fashion industry. Despite their relentless efforts, the grueling demands of their work far outweigh the wages they earn. In addition to the strenuous work, they are subjected to harsh, unsafe working conditions in environments that further erode their health and well-being. These five symbols collectively highlight the intersection of gendered exploitation and environmental degradation within global capitalism. This research contributes to a broader discussion of gender, labor, and environmental justice in the fashion industry.